Varicose veins of the lower extremities are persistent and irreversible width and extension of veins, which occur as a result of gross changes in their walls, as well as the insuffictions of their valve apparatus due to genetic damage.
The predisposition of women is explained by a cyclic increase in vein wall extensions with increasing concentration of hormone progesterone.
Reasons
Primary varicose vein factors are the hereditary weakness of the vascular wall.
In addition, the human way of life is of great importance in pathogenesis:
- Long work, standing or seating;
- Lack of regular physical effort;
- Lifting weight;
- Reception of estrogen -kon drug drugs.
The risk of varicose veins of the lower extremities of the lower extremities increases with age.But more and more patients are younger than 30 years.
Varicose vein events manifestations
They are most often with varicose veins concerned patients for a sense of seriousness, shooting, heat, itchy skin, "anxiety" in legs and pain, pulsing pain in body muscles.The characteristic feature of these characters is their appearance after an extended standing.As a rule, unpleasant sensations are completely transmitted or their intensity significantly reduces when you walk, in a lying position, after the night rest or when using medical compression products.
An important sign of the disease are cramps in calf muscles, usually occur at night.
Subcutaneous veins spread in the form of convincing blue conglomerates along the lower leg and thigh.Unfortunately, there is an opinion that vascular stars are a manifestation of varicose veins.But it is worth noting that this is not an absolute sign of the disease and in many respects a purely cosmetic problem.Such signs can be on the skin with varicose veins, but they are also larger in healthy people.
How varicose veins develop, breaches of skin of the skin of the lower leg are developed.Initially, areas of excess staining appear, a little later subcutaneous tissue and skin compacted, the latter acquires a distinctive "lacquered" look.In the center of the colored area of the skin, in response to the minimum injury, a small white area reminds you falling into antiques.This is so-iscaled white skin atrophy, after which the trophic ulcer opens.
Vehicle violation of the skin is a sign of chronic venis deficiency, which includes symmetrical edema on their feet.
Diagnostics
Ultrasonic scanning (color duplex scanning; triplex scan) - "Gold Standard" in the diagnosis of varicose veins of the lower extremities.The ultrasonic expert must necessarily examine the legs of the leg on both sides.Assesses their diameter, compressibility, blood flow characteristics and reflux value (rotation of reverse blood).The work assessment of the valve is performed not only in the patient position while lying, but also standing.
Treatment of varicose veins of lower extremities
The same symptoms can be signs of various diseases, and the disease cannot occur in accordance with the textbook.Don't try to treat you - Consult your doctor.
Modern varicose vein treatment includes surgical intervention, sclerotherapy, treatment of compression and use of different drugs.
Surgery
Surgical treatment is the only method of reliably improving the quality of life, reduce the risks of complications and the likelihood of relapse diseases.It consists in removing varicose veins.There are 2 types of interventions:
- Thermal prison - minimally invasive (no cut) method of treatment using a laser or radio frequency sensor;
- Traditional surgical intervention includes varicose vein excision.Currently, the technique of such interventions is sufficiently developed and allows you to get a good functional and cosmetic result.
Separately considered sclerotherapy as a method of surgical treatment.Successfully complements, and in some cases (the initial phases of varicose veins) replaces operation.The procedure is the introduction of a special medicine in a varicose vein that enters it from within.
Compression treatment of varicose veins
Elastic bandages: Benefits and Disadvantages
Compression therapy is a mandatory component of any method of treatment of varicose veins and the most efficient method of preventing.
For the treatment of compression, elastic bandages are most often used, which depending on the level of stretch are divided into 3 classes:
- short (folding of bend no more than 70% of the initial size);
- average (range of initial length increases with stretching ranging from 70-140%);
- Long (140% and greater) expandability.
Classes are mandatory indicated on the packaging of bend, and the characteristic of the correct product selection is required.
It is advisable to use long expandability bandages in the nearest postoperative period to stop blood and reliable bend fixation.In order to ensure optimal therapeutic compression regimen, short and medium-scale bandages are the most suitable.
When using elastic bandages, the following rules should be followed:
- The bandage is applied, searching the foot "on itself", to prevent the formation of folds in the ankle area, which can damage the skin when moving;
- Binting Always start from your finger joints of your feet and caught his fifth;
- The pressure of the bend must weaken unhindered from the ankle to the thigh;
- Roll the bend has claimed, while in the immediate vicinity of the skin;
- Modeling the cylindrical profiles of the limb is achieved by setting foam or latex pads.
Most of the patients with varicose veins should use the elastic bandage during the day, apply it in the morning before lifting from the bed and shot in the evening before night.To treat trophic rectors can be used multi-layered for compression, not removed for a long time, while directly with the affected surface of the lower leg area contacts the curves of impregnated substances (zinc-wawatin and other toppings).
Despite high efficiency, the treatment of elastic bandages has obvious shortcomings - causing physical and aesthetic inconveniences, in addition, older older ones is to be older to worry, observing all the rules.
Compression knits
Special compression knits for compression get wide popularity.It was presented with socks to the lower, middle and upper thighs, as well as leggings (including special leggings for pregnant women) of four compression classes.
Such a knit cattle is made of cotton, natural rubber - elastane and synthetic rubber.Natural fibers are optimal for sensitive and affected (varicose eczema, dermatitis, trophic disorders) skin.As for synthetic fibers, their advantages are a smaller diameter and variety of colors that enable medical knitting with high aesthetic properties.
Therapy of the drugs of varicose veins
The main objectives of drug therapy are elimination of subjective symptoms of venous insufficiency, as well as prevention and reduction of seriousness of side effects after surgical interventions.
One of the most commonly prescribed medications are medicines with the active substance of Diospina.Usually, a week after the start of the reception, positive dynamics appear: Night cramps, pain, severity, swelling decreases.The minimum course duration should be believed to be at least 2 months.In severe forms of varicose veins, taking a remedy can continue to six months or more.
Fats and gels
Ease of use and relative cheapness of fat and gels make them very popular among patients and doctors.A serious lack of uncontrolled use of local medications is the high frequency of skin complications in the form of peeling, dermatitis and eczema caused by increasing the sensitivity with extended use of the same medicine.
It is therefore extremely not recommended to use local drugs (fats, gels, cream) as a prevention and lack of symptoms of chronic vein disease.
The products with heparin are some of the popular medicines.Used 3-4 times a day.At the beginning of use, light irritation of the skin and the peeling phenomenon in the places of use of the medicine are possible.
Additional therapy
In the Russian Federation are physiotherapy methods of treatment spread.To combat such symptoms of varicose veins of the lower extremities as pain and spasms in veal muscles, you can use the electrical muscle stimulation method.Other methods of physiotherapy have no evidence of the efficiency of the treatment of this disease.
Varicose vein prevention
Rational work and vacation organization is required for all patients in varicose veins.This category of patients is not recommended for a long stays associated with a long stay in a standing or sitting position, weight lifting and high temperature effects.At work and at home they need a periodic holiday with 15-20 degrees collected at an angle of 15-20 degrees, it is recommended to raise the foot feet above the heart level), without the use of spicy and salty foods, as well as alcohol.The weight of the body should be strictly controlled, as obesity leads to the disease promotion.
In the conditions of elastic compression, mobile sports (skiing, cycling), however, optimal conditions for wedding outflow and training of lower extremity muscles provide swimming.